[13], Humans are the only primate species that have undergone significant hair loss. A large and profitable international market for furs has developed; among the major producers are the United States, Canada, and the Scandinavian countries. Mammals with reduced amounts of fur are often called "naked", as with the naked mole-rat, or "hairless", as with hairless dogs. Trapping methods are regulated and catch quotas are set by the governments of many countries. After sewing, the fur is glazed, which is accomplished by dampening the fur, arranging the hair in the desired direction, and then slowly drying it to keep the hairs aligned. Newspapers were writing articles on major chemical companies trying to outdo each other in the quest to create the most realistic fake fur. Hindering the illegal trade in dog and cat furs through a DNA-based protocol for species identification. Much of the process is done by hand. [7] Some arboreal mammals, notably primates and marsupials, have shades of violet, green, or blue skin on parts of their bodies, indicating some distinct advantage in their largely arboreal habitat due to convergent evolution. The term "a fur" may connote a coat, wrap, or shawl. [12] The use of fur as clothing or decoration is controversial; animal welfare advocates object to the trapping and killing of wildlife, and to the confinement and killing of animals on fur farms. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. Guard hairs can also reduce the severity of cuts or scratches to the skin.

[9], Most of the fur sold by high fashion retailers globally is from farmed animals such as mink, foxes, and rabbits. Historically, it was worn for its insulating quality, with aesthetics becoming a factor over time. The term pelage – first known use in English c. 1828 (French, from Middle French, from poil for "hair", from Old French peilss, from Latin pilus[11]) – is sometimes used to refer to an animal's complete coat. 1905.

There are several breeds of hairless cats, perhaps the most commonly known being the Sphynx cat. Anti-fur organisations raised awareness of the controversy between animal welfare and fashion. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Summer furs are varied in lengths but can give greater range in color, including browns and reds. Persian lamb, for example, has no guard hair, while kid and pony possess no ground hair. The proximal part of the awn hair assists in thermoregulation (like the down hair), whereas the distal part can shed water (like the guard hair). The cutter matches pelts according to colour and texture and cuts the skins to conform to the designer’s pattern. Chamber's journal, Published by Orr and Smith, 1952, p. 200, Original from the University of Michigan.

Fur is one of the oldest forms of clothing, and is thought to have been widely used as hominids first expanded outside Africa. [16] Fur clothing has become the focus of boycotts due to the opinion that it is cruel and unnecessary. It was common for ladies to wear a matching hat. Guard hair is the top—or outer—layer of the coat.

[12] Workers exposed to fur dust created during fur processing have been shown to have reduced pulmonary function in direct proportion to their length of exposure.[13]. The International Fur Trade Federation banned endangering species furs like silk monkey, ocelot, leopard, tiger, and polar bear in 1975. Fur is a thick growth of hair that covers the skin of many different animals. Furs such as marten, grey squirrel and ermine were reserved for the aristocracy, while fox, hare and beaver clothed the middle, and goat, wolf and sheepskin the lower. Common furbearers used include fox, rabbit, mink, beaver, ermine, otter, sable, seal, coyote, chinchilla, raccoon, and possum. Some crafty jewelers make jewellery out of their pet’s fur, including necklaces, earrings, bracelets and more. Some view fur as luxurious and warm; others reject it due to moral concerns for animal rights.

[9] Coat color is sometimes sexually dimorphic, as in many primate species. [3]:162–163 Some desert mammals, such as camels, use dense fur to prevent solar heat from reaching their skin, allowing the animal to stay cool; a camel's fur may reach 70 °C (158 °F) in the summer, but the skin stays at 40 °C (104 °F). Major auction centres are New York City, Montreal, and St. Petersburg. Most hairless animals cannot go in the sun for long periods of time, or stay in the cold for too long. Fur is still worn in most mild and cool climates around the world due to its warmth and durability. More than half the fur in the U.S. comes from China, where millions of dogs and cats are bludgeoned, hanged, bled to death, and often skinned alive for their fur. The guard hair keeps moisture from reaching the skin; the underfur acts as an insulating blanket that keeps the animal warm. Retrieved from, The environmental costs and health risks of fur. [2] The types of hair include definitive, which may be shed after reaching a certain length; vibrissae, which are sensory hairs and are most commonly whiskers; pelage, which consists of guard hairs, under-fur, and awn hair; spines, which are a type of stiff guard hair used for defense in, for example, porcupines; bristles, which are long hairs usually used in visual signals, such as the mane of a lion; velli, often called "down fur," which insulates newborn mammals; and wool, which is long, soft, and often curly. Reasons for this include ethical concerns and media awareness, with Burberry announcing they were banning fur after a highly publicised scandal about burning billions of dollars worth of excess stock was made public in 2018. Down hairs, which are also flat, tend to be the shortest and most numerous in the coat.



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