[82] New Caledonia remains an integral part of the French Republic. Not included are the Pacific islands of Taiwan, the Ryukyu Islands, the Japanese archipelago, and the Maluku Islands, all on the margins of Asia, and the Aleutian Islands of North America. The Pitcairn reed warbler, endemic to Pitcairn Island, was added to the endangered species list in 2008. In 2006 Australia joined the Asian Football Confederation and qualified for the 2010, 2014 and 2018 World Cups as an Asian entrant. [84] The Northwestern Hawaiian Islands were formed approximately 7 to 30 million years ago, as shield volcanoes over the same volcanic hotspot that formed the Emperor Seamounts to the north and the Main Hawaiian Islands to the south. International tourist spending accounted for 16% of New Zealand's export earnings (nearly NZ$10 billion).

Portuguese navigators, between 1512 and 1526, reached the Tanimbar Islands, some of the Caroline Islands and west Papua New Guinea. In Samoan politics, the Prime Minister of Samoa is the head of government. Conditions vary from extremely wet on the West Coast of the South Island to almost semi-arid in Central Otago and subtropical in Northland. [202] Due to the mild year-round weather, tourist travel is popular throughout the year.
Chai, Makana Risser. [236][237] Multicultural immigration transformed Australian cuisine; post-World War II European migrants, particularly from the Mediterranean, helped to build a thriving Australian coffee culture, and the influence of Asian cultures has led to Australian variants of their staple foods, such as the Chinese-inspired dim sim and Chiko Roll.

Despite centuries of European influence, Samoa maintains its historical customs, social and political systems, and language. Pain, C.F., Villans, B.J., Roach, I.C., Worrall, L. & Wilford, J.R. (2012): Old, flat and red – Australia's distinctive landscape. The argument and uncertainty between Australia and Oceania and which is a continent or country, still exists in part because Oceania is an artificial construct: it was created simply to be able to contain a large selection of island states and be able to include them all under one title based purely on their geographical location. The first settlers of Australia, New Guinea, and the large islands just to the east arrived more than 60,000 years ago. [193] As of 2015[update], Honolulu was ranked high on world livability rankings, and was also ranked as the 2nd safest city in the U.S.[194][195]. [238], The music of Hawaii includes traditional and popular styles, ranging from native Hawaiian folk music to modern rock and hip hop.

[179], Mercer Quality of Living Survey ranks Sydney tenth in the world in terms of quality of living,[180] making it one of the most livable cities. [210], New Zealand is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary democracy,[211] although its constitution is not codified. [126], Hawaii, although being in the tropics, experiences many different climates, depending on latitude and its geography. Can volcanoes exist in the Cascade range of... What are the Latin American Countries & Capitals? The Baháʼí House of Worship in Tiapapata, Samoa, is one of seven designations administered in the Baháʼí Faith. In 1946, Polynesians were granted French citizenship and the islands' status was changed to an overseas territory; the islands' name was changed in 1957 to Polynésie Française (French Polynesia).

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Often Australia is named as continent, but this means that the many islands and countries except Australia would then be not included. In the tropical and subtropical Pacific, the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) affects weather conditions. At the root of it, many people argue, it does not meet the definition of a continent at all, as it is not a single landmass. The country has been broadened by globalisation and immigration from the Pacific Islands, East Asia and South Asia. [57] On 24 September 1853, under orders from Napoleon III, Admiral Febvrier Despointes took formal possession of New Caledonia and Port-de-France (Nouméa) was founded 25 June 1854. The Japanese subsequently invaded New Guinea, Solomon Islands and other Pacific islands.
[241], New Zealand as a culture is a Western culture, which is influenced by the cultural input of the indigenous Māori and the various waves of multi-ethnic migration which followed the British colonisation of New Zealand. [178] New Zealand is the 53rd-largest national economy in the world measured by nominal gross domestic product (GDP) and 68th-largest in the world measured by purchasing power parity (PPP). Earn Transferable Credit & Get your Degree, Get access to this video and our entire Q&A library. The Lapita Peoples. The Samoan word for dance is siva, which consists of unique gentle movements of the body in time to music and which tell a story. [159][160] Melbourne is also fairly multicultural, having the largest Greek-speaking population outside of Europe,[161] and the second largest Asian population in Australia after Sydney. [278], Australia has hosted two Summer Olympics: Melbourne 1956 and Sydney 2000. Create your account. Read our Australia Facts here.3. Native Hawaiian musician and Hawaiian sovereignty activist Israel Kamakawiwoʻole, famous for his medley of "Somewhere Over the Rainbow/What a Wonderful World", was named "The Voice of Hawaii" by NPR in 2010 in its 50 great voices series. Endowed with forest, mineral, and fish resources, Fiji is one of the most developed of the Pacific island economies, though it remains a developing country with a large subsistence agriculture sector. answer! Hawaii is dominated by the Democratic Party.

Australasian Science 32: 24–27. The main produce from the Pacific is copra or coconut, but timber, beef, palm oil, cocoa, sugar and ginger are also commonly grown across the tropics of the Pacific. [25] They are believed to be among the earliest human migrations out of Africa.

Geological forces such as tectonic uplift of mountain ranges or clashes between tectonic plates occurred mainly in Australia's early history, when it was still a part of Gondwana. The term, in its widest sense, embraces the entire insular region between Asia and the Americas. [78] It is almost entirely oceanic crust. IBIS 152: 226–253. Sciences, Culinary Arts and Personal [185][186] Auckland and Wellington, in New Zealand, are frequently ranked among the world's most liveable cities with Auckland being ranked 3rd according to the Mercer Quality of Living Survey.[187][188].


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